Dzherelo: “Source” for Special Needs Programs in Ukraine

By Adria Pelensky

One cannot venture to Ukraine in the name of an inclusion project for special needs individuals without learning about existing projects. When in Lviv, there is no place more renowned than the Dzherelo Children’s Rehabilitation Centre. With the centre’s name Dzherelo, meaning “the source” in Ukrainian, it goes beyond implying a basis for many of the initiatives for special need’s children. Developing programs and support for the children and their families is at the Centre’s core, but what has really evolved over the years is truly an inspiring benchmark for social projects in Ukraine.

The Dzherelo Rehabilitation Centre opened its doors in 1993; however, this is not the beginning of this story. Frustrated by the lack of support from not only government but also society, parents of children with cerebral palsy living in and around Lviv created their own support organization: the Nadiya (“Hope”) Parent’s Association. Statistics stated that the Lviv region alone had about two-thousand children living with infantile cerebral paralysis and one third of them with a severe disability. The united parents in Nadiya began planning for the future of their children.

Due to motor, psychological, speech and intellectual disability, many of these children cannot function independently and have limited mobility. They require constant assistance and since these children were barred from attending any schools, parents were left to their own devices. It is through the Nadiya Association that two fathers of disabled children - Mykola Swarnyk and Myroslav Nykolayev - became acquainted. The main task was to secure the rights of disabled children, and this union soon grew into something so much more. Canadian Zenia Kushpeta worked actively with parents in Nadiya to start a children’s rehabilitation centre, and Dzherelo was born - a necessary resource for future initiatives.

As community development organically unfolded, Swarnyk, Nykolayev and Kushpeta would recruit other sources for support. In 1993, they were joined by another Canadian, an accomplished and experienced physiotherapist named Oksana Kunanec. Ukraine lacked formal training for therapists in the area of disability, and this addition was crucial to Dzherelo’s success.

In December 1993, Dzherelo Children’s Centre began its work on the premises of School-Kindergarten #172 in Lviv. Two pre-school groups were established for children with motor-function disorders and special education was finally breaking ground in Ukraine. It was not until six months later that the City of Lviv donated an unfinished building to the Dzherelo Centre for the creation of a full rehabilitation facility for disabled children. For years, through numerous initiatives, Nykolayev, Swarnyk, Kunanec and Kushpeta were the driving force behind expanding programs and fundraising.

Qualified teachers and therapists were limited, and an additional program was put in place by Kunanec. In cooperation with the Ukrainian-Canadian program of partnership for Health Care, a physical rehabilitation program was created at the Lviv Institute of Physical Culture. In June 1995, Lviv welcomed its first graduates of physical rehabilitation professionals.

Extraordinarily, Dzherelo Centre’s Executive Director, Nykolayev, was not educated specifically in rehabilitation of children with physical disabilities. Trained as a teacher of physical culture and sports training, in military service he was called to help with evacuation procedures during the Chornobyl disaster. While working in a Chomobyl region hospital as an instructor of physical rehabilitation, his daughter, Marta was born with cerebral paralysis. Without existing support, Nykolayev took it upon himself to start a modest rehabilitation centre. At first, no one knew what to do with children with cerebral paralysis, however, through international connections, support was realized. The Children of Chornobyl Canadian Fund was first to come with aid. Nykolayev worked with them to expand the Centre’s programs and visited other similar centres. Kunanec arranged a trip to the Bloorview-McMillan Centre in Toronto where a far more professional program would be realised. Then, graduates of the Institute of Physical Culture started an inclusive program at neighbouring Lviv School #82. The Dzherelo School opened and offered its first class in September 1994. Now, the Dzherelo Rehabilitation Centre operates in a newly constructed building thanks to a generous donation from the Children of Chornobyl Canadian Fund and through a diverse and growing support program. Adapting to all the needs of children with disabilities, the building structure strives for complete accessibility.

The vision of Dzherelo is rather simple. One of the originators, Mykola Swarnyk, stated “We want to give children with disabilities an opportunity to realize their fullest potential, be it physical, mental... social. In Ukraine, society has not fully accepted this. We’ve worked, and continue working on our children’s rights so society will accept and respect them and their unique gifts.”

Swarnyk is an active Board member of the Dzherelo Rehabilitation Centre and a crusader for the rights of individuals with special needs. Initially trained in Forestry, specializing in Population Ecology, Swarnyk’s wife died in childbirth leaving him to care for his disabled son in a system unprepared to offer any true support. Through his initiative, Nadiya began. As municipal councillor, he acts as a bridge between parents and government: educating students in disability studies at Lviv Polytechnic’s Faculty of Social Work; designing valuable teacher-resources through the Step by Step Program; as well as, drafting legislation to the Verkhovna Rada arguing for inclusive mainstream education for all children with special needs. Swarnyk and his wife Oksana (formerly Kunanec) continue lobbying Municipal Council for the development of a community housing facility for long-term care of the aging populace with demanding special needs.

The Dzherelo Rehabilitation Centre remains a leader and an innovator in children’s rehabilitation in Ukraine. This independent facility offers exceptional free-of-charge services for children, their families and members of the community at-large, including: early referral, assessment and implementation of an individual treatment plan by an integrated team of qualified professionals; follow-up after entry into the regular school system, if necessary; individualized rehabilitation therapy; a variety of education programs and; activity workshops and youth programs for adolescents.

Co-founder and active Board Member Zenia Kushpeta elaborated on the future goals of Dzherelo, stating, “Government assistance in Ukraine has previously been minimal, however, this is changing. With the realized work of the Dzherelo Centre, it aims to be a model for Ukraine in children’s rehabilitation therapy and special education. We hope to expand rehabilitation services for those currently enrolled so that essential services will be available to even more children.”

The Dzherelo Rehabilitation Centre’s vision is being realized: two hundred children with disabilities participate in daily programs, and rehabilitation, education and professional initiatives are moving forward. Dzherelo’s construction, operation and continued development were made possible by the generous support of benefactors, volunteers and aid.

For further information visit www.dzherelocentre.org.ua

To make a donation, contact the Children of Chornobyl Canadian Fund through cccf@bellnet.ca