The Ukrainians ... of Western Canada ... have
found themselves heavily handicapped since the
outbreak of the war by the fact of their Austrian
birth, which has led ... the Dominion Government,
as well as Canadian employers of labour, to unjustly 
class them as Austrians, and therefore enemy aliens.
Many have been interned, though they are no more in
sympathy with the enemy than are the Poles, for they 
are as distinct a nationality ... which hopes to
emerge from the war in the enjoyment of a wide
measurement of national autonomy ... [yet] Ukrainians
in Canada are treated as enemy Austrians.  They are
persecuted, by thousands they are interned, they are
dismissed from their employment, and their applications
for work are not entertained. And why? For only one
reason, that they were so unhappy as to be born into
the Austrian bondage ...
 - a letter signed by six Ukrainian-Canadian newspaper
   editors, drafted at a mass meeting of Ukrainians
   held in Winnipeg, Manitoba on 2 July 1916. Published
   in the Manitoba Free Press (Winnipeg, Manitoba) on
   17 July 1916 and reprinted in Swyripa and Thompson,
   "Loyalties in Conflict", pgs. 166-168